第三百六十三章 农肥污染 土壤改良(1 / 2)

把武重义交给了向凡,公孙昊便去找到了正在组织土壤改良工作的范天禄。只见他正在指挥着学生和工人在作业。

“范教授,化验结果出来以后怎么样,现在要怎么改?”公孙昊认真的问道。

要是换做别的投资人,范天禄可能就是随便应付两句便过去了,但是公孙昊在园艺上的造诣他是知道的。既然开口了,那么忽悠是绝对不行的,必须好好的解释一番。

“这里的土壤化验过以后,发现有些磷肥超标。施用磷肥过量,会使作物从土壤中吸收过多的磷素营养。过多的磷素营养会促使作物呼吸作用过于旺盛,消耗的干物质大于积累的干物质,造成繁殖器官提前发育,引起作物过早成熟,籽粒小,产量低。”

听到范教授的这个解释,公孙昊回想了一下脑中的知识,接着问道:“那是对作物而言,我们作为植物温室的话,应该没有什么大问题吧!”

范教授没有直接回答,而是饶有兴趣的看着公孙昊,那意思就是让他再好好想想。

公孙昊耐着性子想了想,再次开口道:“这就是所谓的植物性早熟吧,我们花园虽然不指望那点繁殖量来创造生命经济效益,但是不管是开花还是挂果的质量都会受影响,进而影响到游客的观看体验是吧?”

听到这,范教授颇为赞许的点了点头继续道:“磷肥过量还会诱发土壤缺锌。过量施用磷酸钙后,会使土壤里的锌与过量的磷作用,产生磷酸锌沉淀,植物无法吸收,使植物出现明显缺锌症状;过量施用钙镁磷肥等碱性磷肥后,会使土壤碱化,使锌的有效性降低,影响植物对锌的吸收。”

“这个简单啊,葡萄糖双锌口服液来一发!”公孙昊皮道。

范天禄没有理会公孙昊的插科打诨,接着解释道:“一般植物缺少锌元素会使它的叶片变小,枝干的节间缩短,还会使叶片当中的经脉颜色变淡。出现比较多的像是叶片萎缩或者是花白病、叶片出现很多斑点等等,这些症状都是代表了植物缺少锌元素。”

听到这个解释,公孙昊就有些意识到这个问题的严重性了,本来就是植物园,叶子全是病那怎么得了。

“那您现在是在用什么办法解决这个问题呢?”公孙昊问道。

范天禄笑着说道:“你别急,等我给你说完所有的危害,再继续给你说。”

顿了顿他又继续道:“过量施磷会使作物得磷失硅。据研究,过量施用磷肥后,还会造成土壤中的硅被固定,不能吸收,引起作物缺硅,特别是对喜硅的禾本科植物的影响更大。

还有过量施磷会使作物得磷缺钼。适量施用磷肥,会促成作物对钼的吸收,但过量施用磷肥,却会使磷和钼失去营养平衡,影响作物对钼的吸收,表现出缺钼症。

再有就是造成土壤中有害元素积累。磷肥主要来源于磷矿石,磷矿石中含有许多杂质。其中包括镉、铅、氟等有害元素。而且施用磷肥会引起土壤中镉的增加,其年增长量分别为0.15%和0.08%,且这种镉有效性高,易为作物吸收,给人畜造成危害。

最后过量施磷肥会造成土壤理化性质恶化。过磷酸钙含有大量的游离酸,连续大量施用,会造成土壤酸化。钙镁磷肥含有25%-30%的石灰,大量施用会使土壤碱性加重和理化性质恶化。

而且这是在湖边,影响地下水造成湖水的富营养化,这个你应该很好理解吧?”

<--di--!>
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