第506章 工商业(2 / 2)

1850再造中华 左茂行 1177 字 2023-08-17

“筠仙,《大清律例》乃治国之本。高宗当年对律例非常重视,召集大量臣工,对前朝律文及成例重新编定,形成《钦定大清律例》,并诏令‘刊布中外,永远遵行’。

“既有高宗的训令,皇上哪敢轻言废除《大清律例》?只有想办法修修补补罢了!”

郭嵩焘听罢,不由得暗自神伤。

肃顺倒不由得想起曾国藩写给他的信,说郭嵩焘“芬芳悱恻,然著述之才,非繁钜之才也”。

曾国藩的意思是,郭嵩焘为人有大才,适合著书立说,做个闲云野鹤,不是能够胜任具体政务的人。因为满清官场昏暗,郭嵩焘急于求成,必与官场同僚不和,办不成大事。

在给胡林翼的信中,曾国藩的话更加直白,议论郭嵩焘“筠仙性情笃挚,不患其不任事,而患其过于任事,急于求效,宜令其专任苏松粮储道,不署他缺,并不管军务饷务。使其权轻而不遭疑忌,事简而可精谋虑,至要至要。”

曾国藩一生有两个挚友,一个是刘蓉,另一个就是郭嵩焘。他对郭嵩焘的评价,可谓一语中的。

(历史上,郭嵩焘就像一个孤独的先驱者,思想不被理解,行为不被接受。洋务未成风气时,他就大谈洋务,受到顽固派的攻击。洋务风气渐开时,他开始批判“中体西用”的思想,主张全面学习西方,同样不容于洋务派。

(倒是他在欧洲担任外交使节时,风度翩翩,不卑不亢,按照国际惯例办理外交事务,受到欧洲各国的一致好评。)

从肃顺的话语中,郭嵩焘也能看出来,肃顺受咸丰信任,是当今朝廷中最有魄力、最想改革弊政的人。但满清积重难返,肃顺同样不敢大刀阔斧的改革,只能小心揣摩咸丰的心思,做一点修修补补的工作。

他不由得想起了中华帝国。与满清相反,中华帝国完全没有这种历史包袱。中华帝国推行重商主义,除了立法、争取商人阶层支持外,还有一个简单粗暴、直截了当的大杀器:均田免赋!

中华帝国每占领一地,就把地主的土地平均给农民。农民有了土地,可以实现温饱,不会再揭竿而起。困扰中国两干年的民变问题,至此得到彻底解决。

地主失去土地,也无法再购买土地。因为按照当前的均田免赋政策,除非由政府统一征购,禁止私人买卖土地。在均田免赋的过程中,地主得到工厂股票、国债等补偿。

这些五花八门的金融品并不能像银钱那样自由流通,最终通过各种方式,转化为工商业投资。

满清政府的支持者是地主,地主的最大财产就是土地。满清显然不敢冒天下之大不韪,仿效中华帝国实行均田免赋。

各国历史经验表明,不解决土地问题,就无法有效地发展工商业。而工商业正是洋务的重中之重,中华帝国与大清国争夺天下,归根结底要看谁的洋务办得更好,谁的工商业更发达。

中华帝国的工商业已经发展得如火如荼,而满清工商业仍在艰难起步。虽然兴办了一些企业,但大都是官营企业,效率低下,浪费惊人,至今连洋枪洋炮都无法仿造,只能生产一些简单的子弹。

联想到这些,郭嵩焘的心情更加黯淡,与肃顺、高心夔谈洋务的兴致都提不起来了。.

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