不名一钱(1 / 1)
四字成语故事
皇甫居士
0 字
2021-04-13
【解释】:名:占有。一个钱也没有。形容极其贫穷。
【成语故事】:
“不名一钱”这则成语的“名”是占有,不名一钱表示一个钱也没有,比喻极度贫穷。
这个成语来源于《史记.佞幸列传》,长公主赐邓通,吏辄随没入之,一簪不得着身。于是长公主乃令假衣食,竟不得名一钱,寄死人家。
汉文帝当政的时候,有个名叫邓通的善于划船,被选到宫里当御船的水手。一天夜里,文帝做了一个梦,梦中他想升天,却怎么也上不去。就在这时候,有个头戴黄帽的人在背后推他,终于使他上了天。他回过头来看推他的人,发现那人的衣带在背后打了个结。
第二天,文帝来到建在宫西苍池中的渐台,见到有个御船水手头戴黄帽,衣带在背后打了个结,正是他梦中遇见的人。召来一询问,那人名叫邓通。文帝想,他既然能把自己推上天,必定是个奇才,便非常宠爱他。邓通也老实谨慎,不随便和外人交往。文帝多次赏赐他的钱财,总数上亿之多,还授予他上大夫的官职。
其实,邓通并没有什么才能。他自己处事谨慎,也不能推荐贤士,只是谄媚文帝而已。有一次,文帝命一个善于算命的人去给邓通相面,那人相面反对文帝说:“邓通这个人将来要贫饿而死。”
汉文帝忧虑地说:“能让邓通富起来的只有我,我怎么会叫他受穷呢?”
于是,文帝下令把蜀郡严道的一座铜山赐给邓通,允许他自已铸钱。从此邓通发了大财,他铸造的铜钱布满天下,人人都知道有“邓氏钱”。
有一天,文帝背上生了个疮,脓血流个不停。邓通觉得孝顺皇帝的机会到了,便天天进宫去,用嘴巴替文帝吮吸脓血。不过,文帝心中还是不高兴。一天他问邓通:“天下谁最爱我?”
邓通恭顺地回答:“应该说没有谁比太子更爱陛下的了。”。
一次太子刘启来看望文帝病情,文帝要他吮脓血。太子见疮口脓血模糊,腥臭难闻,禁不住一阵恶心,但又不敢违抗,只得硬着头皮吮吸,可是脸色很难看。后来他听说,邓通常为文帝吮吸脓血,感到惭愧,也因此而忌恨邓通。
文帝死后,刘启即位,史称汉景帝。景帝免去邓通的官职,让他回家闲居。不久,有人告发邓通偷盗境外的铸钱。景帝派人调查,结果确有此事,便把邓通家的钱财全部没收,邓通顿时变成了穷光蛋,还欠下好几亿钱的债。还是景帝的姐姐长公主记住文帝不让他饿死的遗言,赐给他一些钱财。但是,官吏马上把这些钱财用来抵债,连一根簪子都不让他留下。长公主知道后,就让手下人借给他些衣食和钱。这样,邓通不能占有一个钱,只能寄食在别人家里直到死去。
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