第二百五十四章 论莽热的末路(1 / 2)

唐朝好郎君 叶苑风 0 字 2021-04-28

《册府元龟》则记:“海政军回至疏勒之南,弓月又引吐蕃之众,来拒官军,海政以师老不敢战、遂以军资赂吐蕃、约和而还。”

由上述两书的记载看,662年吐蕃军队已出现在“疏勒以南”地区,并有足够强的势力,既可让十姓突厥前来归附,又可让唐朝远征军忌惮,而不敢与之交战,“约和而还”。

随后,唐蕃争夺西域的战幕就此拉开。

三、安西四镇在唐蕃间反复易手

1、咸亨元年(670)至上元元年(674),第一次轮交换控制权。

龙朔三年663年底,吐蕃再次联合弓月、疏勒等部,围攻安西重镇于阗。

这次于阗之战的战况如何,史书没有明确记载,但从唐庭连续两次自龟兹,西州调兵救援来看,此战持久而激烈。

《资治通鉴》:“(龙朔)三年十二月、壬寅,以安西都护高贤为行军总管,将兵击弓月,以救于阗。”

《册府元龟》:“麟德二年(665年),闰三月,疏勒、弓月两国共引吐蕃之兵,以侵于阗诏西州都督崔知辨及右武卫将军曹继叔率兵救之。”

从史料记载可见,吐蕃进入南疆盆地后,活动非常积极、频繁,影响也逐逐扩大。弓月、疏勒等部落先后被其拉拢成为盟友,于阗也一度导向了吐蕃。

乾封二年667,大相禄东赞病逝,他的儿子赞悉若(噶尔·赞悉若多布)和论钦陵(噶尔·钦陵赞卓),开始主持吐蕃朝政。

随即,吐蕃军队开始在东起剑南,中经河陇,西至安西绵延数千里的战场上,全面向唐朝发动进攻。

其中,安西地区的战争,自乾封二年667始,直到咸亨元年670才终止。

《资治通鉴》:乾封二年,二月,“生羌十二州为吐蕃所破,三月,戎寅,悉罢之。”

《唐会要》:“咸亨元年四月二十三日,吐蕃陷我安西,罢四镇。”

咸亨元年(670年)四月的战事,吐蕃军队取西线穿越昆仑山入南疆,攻陷西域白州等十八州(羁縻州),又联合于阗周边突厥部落,攻陷龟兹拔换城(故址在今新疆阿克苏)。

唐朝被迫罢龟兹、于阗、焉耆、疏勒四镇,撤安西都护府回西州。这是安西四镇,在唐蕃间的第一次易手。

四镇失手引得唐高宗震怒,同时也让唐庭上下对吐蕃的威胁,有了新的认识。

为好好教训一下吐蕃,李治使出了一套组合拳。

他以阿史那·忠为西域行军大总管,由北向南出征安西。兼以薛仁贵为逻些(拉萨)道行军大总管,出河陇征伐青海,试图使吐蕃首尾难顾。

这就是大非川之战爆发的诱因,应该说当时的战场形势,对唐军极为不利。薛仁贵所领的东线唐军,只能以速战速决的方式展开军事行动。

但论钦陵识破了薛仁贵的计策,先已二十万军队围歼了郭待封率领的唐军辎重部队,而后又尽起四十万蕃军,将薛仁贵困于大非川今青海共和西南。

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