第492章 儒与道(1 / 2)

汉道天下 庄不周 1157 字 2022-09-26

儒家学说最大的痛点之一就是他们推崇三代的王道,却不得不面对现实中的帝制。一心想重现禅让的圣贤治国,最后却被王莽篡汉的禅让大戏狠狠地打了脸。

面对轲比能的疑问,荀恽也无法回答。

见荀恽窘迫,轲比能自知失言,连忙解释道:“侍中见谅,我不是非议圣贤,只是想从圣人典籍中寻求解决之道。”他顿了顿,又补充道:“而且很急。”

“哦?为何如此之急?”荀恽勉强恢复了镇静。

“草原上原本是强者为尊,有点类似于你们汉人所说的禅让。后来慢慢的就变成了兄弟相传,现在又变成父子相传。只是有人觉得父子相传好,有人觉得兄弟相传好,还有更多的人希望延续之前的办法,谁的实力强,谁就做草原之王。想法不一,自然就有冲突。”

他叹了一口气。“说句冒昧之言,若非如此,纵使天子英明,荀将军善战,恐怕也无法令我鲜卑俯首。想当年檀石槐大王在时,鲜卑东西万里,数十万骑,战无不胜。即使是檀石槐大王逝世,若能顺利传位槐纵,而不是兄弟相争,也不会……”

轲比能突然醒悟过来,连忙闭上了嘴巴。

荀恽却听得好奇。“槐纵是谁?兄弟相争又是怎么回事?”

轲比能犹豫了片刻,一声长叹。

“槐纵是檀石槐的长子,很小就随着檀石槐大王征战,与檀石槐大王麾下的大将关系极好,原本是最理想的继承人。但鲜卑当时还没有父子相传的制度,有一些人觉得他们也有机会争夺大王之位,但他们又不敢正面与槐纵为敌,就撺掇和连争位。”

荀恽听得津津有味。他对鲜卑了解极少,还是第一次听说这样的事。不过他对这样的故事并不陌生,中原朝廷有很多类似的例子。

废长立幼,往往是内乱的根源。

“和连用兵不如槐纵,却擅长阴谋,最后逼死了槐纵,却也让鲜卑从此不和,各部互相争斗,伤亡惨重。”轲比能摇摇头,眼中尽是无奈。“英雄皆横死,剩下的都是小人。若是槐纵不死,何至于此?”

“所以你们现在也想学我大汉父子相传么?”

轲比能皱着眉头,沉默了片刻。“依侍中之见,父子相传是不是就能解决这个问题?说起来,和连虽不是长子,却也是檀石槐大王的亲生儿子。”

荀恽眼珠一转,明白了轲比能的为难之处。

如果推崇父子相传,那轲比能就永远不得能上位,因为他不是檀石槐的子孙。

如果不推崇父子相传,轲比能就算成了鲜卑大王,也无法保证子孙受益,因为他的子孙未必也和他一样强。

不得不说,这的确是个难题。

实际上,大汉的帝位传承也这样的困境,反而是儒家推崇的禅让更合理。

唯一遗憾的事,因王莽之事,禅让制度已经成了禁忌,远不如天命、气运这样的理论来得温和。所以天下大乱,很多人都在说大汉的火德将终,纷纷以土德自居,却没有多少人提禅让。

荀恽觉得这个问题很复杂,不好回答。

他只能对轲比能说,我才疏学浅,也不知道该如何回答你这个问题。容我回去想了想,再请教一些人,以后再给你答复。

轲比能有些失望,却也能理解。毕竟荀恽也只是一个刚刚弱冠的少年。

——

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