第五百四十八章——细菌的故事(1 / 2)

讲述完故事,藤冈隆道便站了起来,打开了灯。“孩子们,别太担心,虽然这种细菌很危险,但我们现在在飞艇上,这种细菌的传染性很差,应该传染不到我们头上。”

“千羽,刚才他说的那些都是什么啊?”光彦迫不及待地问道。“什么革兰氏染色啊,革兰氏阳性菌啊,头孢唑林啊万古霉素啊什么的……”

“唔,这些都要问的话……”千羽挑了挑眉毛,然后看向了灰原哀。“这个你来?”

“简要来说,革兰氏染色是一种区分需氧菌细菌的类型的手段,通过这种手段能够将需氧菌分为革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌两种,”灰原哀简明地解释道。“头孢唑林就是常见的处理革兰氏阳性菌的抗生素,而万古霉素则是最后关头使用的重量级的对革兰氏阳性菌抗生素。”

“万古霉素很厉害吗?”光彦问道。

“很厉害,”灰原哀点头。“到现在为止,藤冈先生说的这个例子应该是全世界都算非常罕见的对万古霉素有耐药性的细菌——如果没能生效不是因为万古霉素没来得及深入身体的话。”

“耐药性是怎么一回事?”这次是步美问道。“为什么细菌会对能杀死它们的抗生素产生耐药性?抗生素不是他们的克星吗?”

“说到底他们也只是药物罢了,”灰原哀笑着摇头。“抗生素没有眼睛,他们看不到什么是细菌,什么不是,只能依靠他们自己携带的一些特殊成分来识别并接触细菌。但如果细菌通过某种方式让抗生素无法识别他们或者无法和他们接触的话,那抗生素也就根本无从发威了——举个例子,万古霉素的工作原理是在通过和细菌细胞壁的前体五肽的D-ALA-D-ALA(D-丙氨酸-D-丙氨酸)结合来抓住细菌,然后才能工作。一旦前体出现了某些改变,导致万古霉素无法和前体结合,那么万古霉素也就没用了。”

【作者:现实中,VRB——vancomycin-resistant bacteria(万古霉素耐药菌)就是因为细胞壁的前体五肽的结构发生了改变,使得通过和五肽末端结合来阻止细胞壁合成的万古霉素几乎不可能再和这个D-丙氨酸-D-丙氨酸末端进行结合因而产生了对万古霉素的耐药性。而现在应对这种耐药菌的处理方式是将二吡啶基和万古霉素结合起来形成二吡啶基万古霉素缀合物,而二吡啶基和细菌内的锌离子可以形成络合物,这样万古霉素就会被二吡啶基连带着挂在细菌上,仍然可以继续实现杀菌功能。】

(如果要一个简单说法的话,就是万古霉素需要挂在细菌上才能生效,而耐药菌因为变异导致万古霉素挂不上去,然后万古霉素的改进版的手里抓着一个能和细菌里的某个部分强力粘合的万能胶手套,然后万古霉素就又能成功挂上去然后吊打耐药菌了)

“那是什么意思……”元太懵逼。

这种解释或许能够让千羽、柯南或者藤冈隆道听懂,但对于这些小孩子来说确实太困难了一些。

“我来举个例子吧,”千羽叹了一口气。“比如说,我是万古霉素,然后灰原是——”

千羽的话语在灰原哀瞥了他一眼之后被瞬间掐断。

“那个,如果警察是万古霉素,一般的坏人是普通的细菌,然后警察只要想办法找到这些坏人,然后抓住他们,给他们戴上手铐,这些坏人就完了。这样说你们能理解吗?”

元太,步美和光彦点头。

<--di--!>
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