第27章 尧舜之辩(1 / 2)

逍遥初唐 扬镳 0 字 2021-04-25

李世民不想听他卖惨,道:“朕说的是圣人经典,你胡扯些什么!”

“臣只是心里太过委屈,抱怨两句。”见李世民又要发怒,李牧赶紧把话拉回来,道:“刚才臣之所言,绝非信口雌黄。臣确实是这么想的。而且臣也不是张嘴就说,臣是有所依据的,臣研究过。”

李世民也忍不住笑道:“你什么时候研究起圣人经典了,既然你说研究过,那朕考校你一下,致君尧舜,语出何典?”

李牧不慌不忙,道:“回禀陛下,致君尧舜,语出《孟子》。伊尹耕于有莘之野,而乐尧舜之道焉……汤使人以币聘之,嚣嚣然曰:‘我何以汤之聘币为哉?我岂若处畎亩之中,由是以乐尧舜之道哉?’汤三使往聘之,既而幡然改曰:‘与我处畎亩之中,由是以乐其尧舜之道,吾岂若使是君为尧舜之君哉?吾岂若使是民为尧舜之民哉?’,不知臣说得可对。”

李世民愣住了,百官愣住了,就连孔颖达也愣住了。不是李牧说得不对,而是李牧说得一分不差,这实在太奇怪了!

李世民问道:“你读了《孟子》?”

“臣读了。”李牧答道:“臣不但读了《孟子》,臣把能找到的书都读了。”

李世民不信,道:“你竟如此好学?”

李牧闻言,不好意思地笑了,道:“臣并非好学,臣是预感到有朝一日用得到,为了不像孔祭酒一样被人说得哑口无言,故此臣便找书来读了,《孙子·谋攻篇》中说:“知己知彼,百战不殆;不知彼而知己,一胜一负;不知彼,不知己,每战必殆。臣深以为然,早早做了些准备。”

“还会引经据典了。”李世民看到李牧这一副小人得志的样子,好气又好笑,道:“你知道会与孔卿家争论?若没有这场争论,这些书不是白读了?”

李牧肃然道:“陛下此言差异,圣人经典,句句振聋发聩,何言白读啊?”

“你刚不是说,圣人之言无用么?”

李牧立即否认:“臣没有说过!”

孔颖达抓住了机会,指着李牧道:“陛下看见了吧,逐鹿侯睁着眼睛说瞎话,他刚说完学子们所学的圣人经典不能致君尧舜,现在就要改口了!”

李牧把孔颖达的手推开,道:“孔祭酒,不是我说你啊,你这喜欢指人鼻子的毛病是得改改了。《礼记》中哪一个章句,教你指人鼻子说话是遵礼的?你为孔圣后人,当律己才是啊,倚老卖老,岂不惹人笑话?”

“我……”孔颖达紧紧抿着嘴,生怕一口鲜血喷出来。恨恨地看了李牧一眼,道:“你否认不得!”

“我没有否认,那句话是我说的。”李牧面向李世民,道:“陛下,臣之所言,并不冲突。《孟子》中原文所表达的意思是,孟子认为,伊尹辍耕出仕是因为想以自己的智能德行,辅佐商汤使之成为尧舜一样的贤君。故此才有了致君尧舜之语,但孟子可从没有说过,学了孔孟之道,便能够致君尧舜。而且臣所看过的各种典籍中,也从未有过一处记载孔孟二圣说过类似的话。臣才疏学浅,还要请教孔祭酒,你看过的哪本典籍中有过类似记载啊?”

孔颖达被问懵了,他努力回忆,还真就没找到孔孟说过类似话的记载。

李牧笑道:“既然孔祭酒也想不出,那便是没有了。臣可以得出一个结论,认为学习孔孟之道便能致君尧舜的人,都是一些自命不凡之辈。就连孔孟二圣都不敢说能够做到致君尧舜,他们以为读几就能做到,岂不是荒谬么?!”

孔颖达听李牧这样说,登时激动了起来,道:“你竟敢非议孔孟二圣!”

“孔祭酒莫要激动,我没有非议孔孟二圣!我说得都是事实,当年孔圣周游列国,可做到致君尧舜了?孟子游说于齐宋之间,可做到致君尧舜了?”

孔颖达无法回答,嚅嗫半天,嘴硬道:“那是因为未遇明君!”

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